几种锰矿的冶炼及提纯技术分析(3)

这些金属化合物的Eh-pH图表明，选择性沉淀氧化物或类水化合物是可行的，但需要严格的工艺控制。众所周知，锰主要以不溶于水的MnO2形式存在，从这种矿物中浸出锰如果没有还原剂是非常困难的。目前，在这方面进行了大量的研究，以探索不同类型的还原剂，以尽量减少工艺成本。以二氧化硫为基础的浸出工艺已显示出选择性浸出锰的良好效果，但成本和环境问题仍有待彻底解决。分子模拟技术的发展可以帮助矿物工程师设计和开发更有效的离子溶剂和还原剂，以提高锰或铁化合物的选择性沉淀分离。

3 结 语

(1)根据矿石性质的不同，综述了多种锰矿石的分选工艺，包括重选、磁选、浮选和湿法冶金工艺。研究发现不同种类的锰矿石品位变化显著，有价值的矿石和脉石矿物(软锰矿和赤铁矿)的理化性质相似；锰矿选矿的关键是对磨矿粒度的限制，硅质矿石多为低密度的脉石矿物，可通过重力分选进行提升，铁在几乎所有的矿石中都是杂质。富铁锰矿主要采用磁选、还原焙烧等方法进行改造；碳酸盐岩矿石和复杂矿物学矿石需要不同方法的组合，而湿法冶金方法对这些矿石的改造更为可靠。

(2)为满足现代市场需求，低品位锰矿石的利用需要更高效的选矿工艺，湿法冶金法有望得到推广。根据我国不同地区锰矿石的特点及相应的冶炼工艺还需进一步研究。

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